Exploratory Essay on Possible Consequences of Marijuana Legalization

Exploratory Essay on Possible Consequences of Marijuana Legalization Possible Consequences of Marijuana Legalization Legal position of marijuana has been one of the most controversial topics for many decades. As of today, in the majority of countries possession, consumption, transfer and cultivation of cannabis is prohibited by law and results in serious consequences. Still, there are countries, in which marijuana is not only legal, but also attracts travelers from all around the world (Holland, for instance). Let us consider what consequences could be brought about by marijuana legalization and would it be reasonable to legalize it? Cannabis is especially popular with young people who want to have fun and don’t want to do anything particular to relax. Of course, it is easy – just smoke a cigarette and forget about everything, plunging into the world of euphoria. But is it really that interesting? I don’t think so. In this state you just don’t control yourself and can make so many stupid things, of which you will later regret. Besides, being beyond your own control is not funny and interesting at all. I just don’t understand those people who like it. On the whole, I see only one advantage in legalization of marijuana – when it is not punishable, it is much less tempting. It becomes just a part of daily life with its drawbacks and benefits, and stops being a source of income for hundreds of drug dealers. I don’t think that it will result in serious rise of its consumption – the interest and excitement are sure to pass in a month or two, and everything will come back to norm. Thus, I don’t think that cannabis legalization would bring too much harm – only for drug dealers, probably.

Comparrison of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, and the Picture of...

The term gothic fiction implies a British literary genre from the late eighteenth, and early nineteenth century. The modernized term seems to have been generalized into anything that is dark, gloomy, or depressing. Gothic novels often time posses an emphasis on portraying the terror, a prominent use of supernatural circumstances, the presence of highly stereotyped characters, and the attempt to display techniques of literary suspense. There are also other parallels among this vastly popular genre. Gothic novels often time describe the city of London in corresponding ways. Also a common theme amongst gothic literary works is the duality of human nature, or the quality or characteristic of being twofold. These mutual themes are apparent in†¦show more content†¦Wilde removed many of the references of homosexuality, and added an additional six chapters; after the book was pulled from the shelves due to the public’s response. An additional parallel between the novels is duality and human nature. Both characters posses a dark side, in which they pursue their personal pleasures. Although similar, the two characters go about this in diverse manners. In Stevenson’s novel the Jekyll-Hyde transformation is a physical one. After consuming a potion, Dr. Jekyll seems to separate the evil within himself into another personality all together, While Dorian Grey goes about doing as he pleases, free from the responsibilities of his actions, due to his mystical portrait. Dorian Grey’s portrait prevents him from suffering the mortal consequences for his deeds, including the natural process of aging. In The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde there is not only two identities, but two individual persons. These individuals are aware of one another’s existence, and set out to protect one another. This scenario does not last long. Jekyll seeks to separate the good and evil within himself, and believes he has ejected the evil completely from himself. Dr Jekyll can prosper without the burden of shame, while Mr. Hyde can go about himself, fulfilling his desires without restrictions. As the story develops Jekyll’s conscious becomes â€Å"slumbered† (Stevenson 53), while Hyde grows in stature, and malice.

Target Audiences Essay Research Paper Targeting is free essay sample

Target Audiences Essay, Research Paper Targeting is directing publicities of a merchandise towards a group of persons who are likely to purchase it. Different merchandises are targeted at different audiences. After a company determines their mark audience that audience is researched in order to larn about life style, attitudes, values, etc. Then companies can more efficaciously make their audiences by cognizing what t.v. shows they watch and what magazines they read. It is through the media that companies make feelings and influence consumers to purchase their merchandises. Two chief merchandises that depend on their advertisement would be baccy and intoxicant merchandises. Ad from that of beer makers, who often reach, mark, and entertain vernal audiences on wireless and telecasting are a chief support to the construction of these companies. As of now beer commercials on t.v. are much more popular than spirits commercials, but the spirits companies are doing attempts to derive commercial clip. We will write a custom essay sample on Target Audiences Essay Research Paper Targeting is or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Seagram # 8217 ; s commercials have appeared during weekend college and professional football telecasts, Monday Night Football, and during a 7:00 P.M. screening of the Cosby Show. The company # 8217 ; s wireless ads besides ran on youth-oriented, rock-and-roll format wireless Stationss. But it is felt that the media influence is so strong, leting liquor ads on the air can merely take to greater intoxicant ingestion and higher degrees of intoxicant jobs. Tobacco companies besides claim they don # 8217 ; t aim immature people, but that is difficult to believe. Tobacco publicity in the films can be the most elusive and insidious signifier of baccy publicity because there is no warning approximately baccy usage. Nothing on the screen says when baccy companies have paid to hold their merchandise portrayed favourably. The camera moves in to concentrate on a bright mark where a Ne coffin nail arches up to run into neon ruddy lips. It easy pans downward to have an attractive immature adult female smoke. The message: life is beautiful ; life is exciting ; life is smoking. Unfortunately it? s non all that glamourous. Movies provide a medium non merely to portray baccy usage as popular, independent, and societal, but to demo how film stars are involved tungstens ith these sorts of merchandises every bit good. In some instances, an full film subject can be based on sensed virtues of baccy. A individual film can make 1000000s of immature people in theatres across North America and around the universe. With pictures and reruns, the message can be repeated over and over and over. It doesn? t even matter whether it’s paid or non, the point is that every clip an histrion lights up, 1000000s of immature people receive the message that baccy usage is both OK and desirable. Amazingly plenty The baccy industry loses near to 5,000 clients every twenty-four hours in the US entirely, including 3,500 who manage to discontinue and about1,200 who die. The most promising replacing tobacco users are immature people: 90 % of tobacco users begin before they are 21, and 60 % before they are 14. To happen their new clients, US baccy companies spend $ 11 million to publicize and advance coffin nails. Looking at these per centums seems to uncover the targeting of immature coevalss. Unfortunately this conflict seems hopeless sing the US Federal Office on Smoking Health spends less than baccy companies do on advertisement in an full twelvemonth. This brings the public consciousness to it? s extremum. Where are these concerns moralss. Philip Morris, which makes Marlboro, the universe # 8217 ; s best selling coffin nail spends one million millions of dollars to publicize and advance their merchandises to adolescents every twelvemonth. Adolescents who are impacted by their advertisement and publicity Begin to smoke at early age. Teenager # 8217 ; s reaction to tobacco advertisement and publicity may speed up their lives and affect their wellness. Philip Morris spends the immense sum of money with advertisement to catch adolescent # 8217 ; s head and do net incomes ; nevertheless, teens are losing their lives with smoking advertised by Philip Morris, and nil is good to them. This interrelatedness could be ethical between Philip Morris and adolescents. From these few illustrations entirely I believe it can be safely said that the media influence is at a neer falling extremum. Consumers want to utilize merchandises that are traveling to do them experience and look like the theoretical accounts and histrions they see. Therefore these effectual advertisement take advantage of the populace? s failing ; desiring to be perfect.

Contributory Negligence Historical and Comparative †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Contributory Negligence Historical and Comparative. Answer: Introduction: The given case study which revolves around Sebastian Surtees Pty Ltd and Clay Hawthorne relates to the tort of negligence. In particular, it relates to the breach of duty of care and the ensuing damages. A tort is deemed as a civil wrong done, whereby the actions of one person, harm the other. There are different torts in Australia, and a leading one amongst these is the tort of negligence (Statsky 2011). Negligence can be defined as a breach of duty of care, which a person P owes to person R, due to the actions which were undertaken by person P which had the potential of injuring or harming the person R. So, when P careless undertakes an activity which requires care towards R due to the possibility of Ps actions harming or injuring R, it would result in negligence. And when a case of negligence is present, the aggrieved party can claim damages for the harm or loss which they had to incur as a result of the undertaken actions of the tortfeasor (Trindade, Cane and Lunney 2007). It is the duty of the plaintiff to show before the court of law that they have been injured or harmed due to the actions of the defendant, in order to claim the damages under a civil action brought before the court of law. In order to establish a case of negligence, the aggrieved party has to establish the presence of certain key elements, included in which is the duty of care (Kolah 2013). This is followed by proving that this duty of care had been contravened by party P. And lastly, there is a need to establish that the person R was actually harmed or damaged due to this failure of P in exercising his duty of care. Once all of these elements can be shown in a single claim, the aggrieved party is awarded damages by the court of law, based on the magnitude of damage cause to such person R (Kennedy 2009). The first and foremost step, when it comes to making a case of negligence, is to show that a duty of care was present and that the same was owed by person P to person R (Lunney and Oliphant 2013). With regards to establishing that a duty of care was present, the leading English case of Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562 proves to be of help. In this case, Donoghue consumed a ginger beer, from a bottle which contained a dead snail. As a result of this consumption, she got sick and initiated legal action against Stevenson, who was the beer manufacturer. Her claims were initially discarded by the court as this drink had been purchased by Donoghues friend and not Donoghue herself. However, on further appeal it was held that the actions of Stevenson were such that they had the capability of affecting Donoghue, due to the customer-manufacturer relationship. The judges held that there was reasonable foreseeability in a contaminated drinks leading to the sickness of a consumer and that there was proximity between the parties, which had the capacity of impacting the other. As a result of this, the court held that the manufacturer was indeed liable and owed a duty of care towards Stevenson. And as a result of the breach of this duty of care, followed by injury of Donoghue, Stevenson was asked to compensate her for her losses. Another helpful case which helps in establishing the presence of duty of care is that of Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605. In this case, the court presented a threefold test, whereby in order to show the presence of duty of care, it had to be shown before the court that the injury was reasonably foreseeable, that there was proximity between the parties in such a manner that the actions of one, affected the other, and lastly, that if penalties are imposed, it would be just and reasonable (Latimer 2012). Breach of Duty of Care Upon successfully showing that a duty of care had indeed been owed, the aggrieved party than has to show that the same had been contravened, in the sense that the defendant had failed in fulfilling his obligations (Martin and Lancer 2013). Vaughan v Menlove (1837) 3 Bing NC 467 was a case in which the haystack of the defendant caught fire as a result of the poor ventilation. On different occasions, the defendant had been warned that if he continued to leave his haystack, this was bound to happen. And on this, the defendant argued that using his best judgement, a risk of fire was not reasonably foreseeable. However, the court held that the judgment of the defendant was not enough and there was a need to apply standards as per a reasonable person. Hence, it has to be shown that a reasonable person would have undertaken the precautions owing to the reasonable foreseeability of such risk of harm. The next step is to consider the consequences of the undertaken actions, or the lack of it for that matter (Turner 2013). In the case of Paris v Stepney Borough Council [1951] AC 367, Paris was already blind in one eye. And he was employed by the Council for undertaking certain work. The Council was aware of the condition of Paris and yet they did not provide him with the safety gear, particularly protective goggles. While working on a rusty bolt, a chip flew into the good eye of Paris, resulting in his complete blindness. The failure of the Council in providing the requisite safety gear was deemed as a breach of duty of care by the court of law which led to Paris being awarded damages for his blindness. There is also a need to show that a reasonable person would have considered the degree of risk which was associated with the actions undertaken by a person (Gibson and Fraser, 2014). Bolton v Stone [1951] AC 850 is a case in which Stone was struck with a cricket ball, while she was standing outside her home, due to the ball flying away from the stadium, which was around hundred yards away from Boltons home. As per the facts of the last thirty years, it was depicted that the ball could only fly off outside the stadium six times only. So, as a reasonable person there was only a need to build the fence, this had been done. And so, a breach of duty of care was not upheld in this case. When it comes to the professionals, they are required to show a standard in their practice (Greene 2013). Rogers v Whitaker (1992) 175 CLR 479 was one of such cases in which the responded was not made aware of the consequences of the surgery which was being undertaken. This meant that she could not take the proper and informed decision when it came to the operation. As a skilled person, the doctor was under an obligation to deploy more care than an ordinary person. And due to these reasons, the doctor was held liable for negligence. With regards to the engineers, they are required to show a standard of competent practice. In Consultants Group International v John Worman Ltd (1987) 9 Con LR 46, Worman had agreed to constrict the abattoir, for the reasons of being a contractor, on strict conditions with regards to the designs which had been stated by the architects, i.e., by CGI. A consultant was hired by Worman for carrying out the work and this hired constructor, contravened the desi gn conditions. It was held by the court that the duty of care of Worman towards CGI was equal to the duty of care of consultant towards Worman. And as a result of this, the consultant was held liable for compensating for the economic losses. Upon the successful completion of the above two aspects, the final requirement is to show that the plaintiff had been actually harmed/ injured or had to bear a loss, in order for the remedies to be awarded under negligence. In order to show that damages need to be awarded to the aggrieved party, there is a need to show that there was a direct causation between the injury of plaintiff and the breach of duty of care of the defendant; and that the damages were foreseeable in a reasonable manner, which was substantial in nature and not remote (Emanuel and Emanuel 2008). The damages are only to be awarded when they were reasonable foreseeable by a rationale individual and when the same were not too remote. In the case of Wagon Mound (No.1) [1961] AC 388, the plaintiff could not succeed in his claims of negligence due to the failure of the plaintiff in showing that a reasonable person would have predicted the kind of fire damage which actually took place. And so, no damages were awarded to the plaintiff. Though, in Wagon Mound (No.2) [1967] AC 61, the court held that the damage of oil spill in a second case, was different from the previous incident and this foreseeability led to the damages being awarded to the plaintiff. There is a need to show direct causation between the injury and the damages, in terms of cause and effect based on the common sense and on the basis of the facts of the particular case (Martin and Lancer, 2013). In the case of Yates v Jones (1990) ATR 81, as a result of the defendant, the plaintiff got in an accident. Later on, she was offered heroine for dealing with her pain by a friend. When she sued Jones, she claimed the costs of her addition to heroine from Jones. However, the court held that there was a lack direct causation between the breaches of duty of care of Jones and between her addictions to heroine. Thus, the damages were not awarded to her. The amount of damages which are awarded to the aggrieved party, i.e., the plaintiff, can at times be reduced or completely reduced. This is in the cases of contributory negligence. This is a famous defence under the negligence as per which the plaintiff is considered to have contributed towards the damage caused to them. And when such happens, the court deems it necessary to reduce the amount of remedies which were awarded to the plaintiff (Dongen, 2014). Froom v Butcher [1976] 1 QB 286 was a case in which the plaintiff was injured due to the accident which was caused due to the mistake of the defendant. The defendant had been drunk, which led to the accident. However, the plaintiff was not wearing the seatbelt at the time of the accident. This was deemed as the contributory negligence of the plaintiff and as a result of this, the damages which were awarded to the plaintiff were reduced by the value of 100 by the court. Davies v Swan Motor Co [1949] 2 KB 291 was a case in which the plaintiff had been standing on the side of the dust lorry and this place was deemed as a dangerous place to stand on. While the lorry was travelling down a narrow road, the bus tried to pass the lorry and unfortunately, Davies was killed. The court held Davies as 1/5th responsible for the damage caused and accordingly, the damages was reduced. This principle is born from the agency law and as per this principle, for the acts undertaken by the subordinates, the superior is held liable, particularly towards the third parties when it comes to the employer-employee relationship. In order for an employer to be held liable for the tortious acts of their employee, there is a need to prove negligence, followed by the presence of employer-employee relationship (Giliker 2010). In this regard, Stevens v Brodribb Sawmilling Co. Pty Ltd (1986) 160 CLR 16 proves to be of help. In this case, the court held that different factors had to be applied for upholding the presence of employer-employee relationship, which was not present in this case. Apart from these two requirements, there is also a need to show that the undertaken tortious act by the employee was within the scope of their employment, for holding the employer liable. As per the facts of the case study, it is very clear that Clay was the neighbour of Surtees and that his front office had been damaged badly, apart from his engine building workshop and the vehicles around it, which were charred from the fire which started at Surtees. The distance between the two places thus can be assumed to be very less, and there was proximity between the parties in a manner that the actions of one impacted the other. Applying the neighbours principle given in the case of Donoghue v Stevenson to the present case study, it can be established that the actions of Surtees affected Clay as a result of the proximity between the parties, making it reasonably foreseeable for Clay to be affected by acts of Surtees. Applying the threefold test given in Caparo Industries plc v Dickman, the injury was reasonably foreseeable due to the proximity between the parties, and where damages are awarded to clay for the loss they had to bear from the resulting fire, it would be just and reasonable. So, on the basis of both of these cases, Surtees owed a duty of care towards Clay. Breach of Duty of Care As the duty of care has been established, the next requirement is to show its breach. For this, the reasonable foreseeability has to be established. There was a reasonable risk of overheating of machines resulting in fire and this is the reason why the machine was turned off on daily basis. Not shutting down the machine made it reasonably foreseeable to heat up and cause fire. To further this incident, the door of fire proof room was left open. As an engineer, the Surtees was required to deploy standard of professional care as per Rogers v Whitaker and Consultants Group International v John Worman Ltd. This was not done, resulting in fire, thus breaching the duty of care which was owed towards the Clays. The failure of closing the fire proof door and not shutting down the machine was not what a reasonable person would have done as per Vaughan v Menlove. Hence, the failure in taking the precautions owing to the reasonable foreseeability of such risk of harm resulted in a breach of duty of care. This can further be strengthen with the case of Paris v Stepney Borough Council where there was a lack of deploying the requisite safety measure and this was deemed by the court as not upholding the duty of care. Even if Surtees cites that they had taken the reasonable care by installing the fire proof glass based on Bolton v Stone, it would not be upheld as firstly, the door was not closed, and secondly, fire was something which could spread across boundaries, unlike a cricket ball of the quoted case. Thus, it is very clear that the duty which Surtees owed towards the Clays was not upheld and was instead contravened. As the first two requirements have been fulfilled, there is a need to show that damages would be justified in this case. It is very clear that the damage which Clay got was directly due to the fault of Surtees in shutting down the machine and in shutting down the fire proof door. This action caused fire which directly destroyed a lot of material of Clay. Unlike Wagon Mound (No.1), here it can be shown that the overheating kind of fire damage was reasonably predictable and so, as was held in the case of Wagon Mound (No.2) damages would be awarded to Clays. Further, the direct causation has been highlighted ample times in this case which would mean that unlike the case of Yates v Jones, damages would be awarded to the Clays. But the costs which are sought by Clay for $15,000 for the cost of airfare tickets would not be liability of Surtees as this was not caused directly from the fire, based on Yates v Jones and only $460,000 would be awarded to Clay. However, the amount of damages which would be awarded to Clay, as a result of negligence of Surtees would be reduced by their contributory negligence. Even though the fire was caused from the overheating of machines and leaving open the door by Surtees, but by leaving containers with residue solvent outside, Clays contributed to their injuries. And based on Froom v Butcher and Davies v Swan Motor Co, the damages awarded to Clay would be brought down proportionately. The negligence has already been established. And the technician was employed at the workshop of Surtees which proves that unlike Stevens v Brodribb Sawmilling, he was an employee, which would make Surtees vicariously liable for the acts of their employee. Conclusions Hence, it can be concluded that Surtees indulged in negligence by breaching the owed duty of care towards Clay and would have to compensate Clay for their losses. But the amount of damages awarded to Clay would be reduced due to their contributory negligence, in proportion of their carelessness. References Dongen, E.V. 2014. Contributory Negligence: A Historical and Comparative Study. Boston: Brill Nijhoff. Emanuel, S., and Emanuel, L. 2008. Torts. New York: Aspen Publishers. Gibson, A., and Fraser, D. 2014. Business Law 2014. 8th ed. Melbourne: Pearson Education Australia. Giliker, P. 2010. Vicarious Liability in Tort: A Comparative Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Greene, B. 2013. Course Notes: Tort Law. Oxon: Routledge. Kennedy, R. 2009. Duty of Care in the Human Services: Mishaps, Misdeeds ad the Law. Victoria: Cambridge University Press. Kolah, A. 2013. Essential Law for Marketers. 2nd ed. United States: Kogan Page Limited. Latimer, P. 2012. Australian Business Law 2012. 31st ed. Sydney, NSW: CCH Australia Limited. Lunney, M., and Oliphant, K. 2013. Tort Law: Text and Materials. 5th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Martin, J., and Lancer, D. 2013. AQA Law for AS Fifth Edition. 5th ed. Oxon: Hachette UK. Statsky, W.P. 2011. Essentials of Torts. 3rd ed. New York: Cengage Learning. Trindade, F., Cane, P., and Lunney, M. 2007. The law of torts in Australia. 4th ed. South Melbourne: Oxford University Press. Turner, C. 2013. Unlocking Torts. 3rd ed. Oxon: Routledge. Bolton v Stone [1951] AC 850 Caparo Industries plc v Dickman [1990] 2 AC 605 Consultants Group International v John Worman Ltd (1987) 9 Con LR 46 Davies v Swan Motor Co [1949] 2 KB 291 Donoghue v Stevenson [1932] AC 562 Froom v Butcher [1976] 1 QB 286 Paris v Stepney Borough Council [1951] AC 367 Rogers v Whitaker (1992) 175 CLR 479 Stevens v Brodribb Sawmilling Co. Pty Ltd (1986) 160 CLR 16 Vaughan v Menlove (1837) 3 Bing NC 467 Wagon Mound (No.1) [1961] AC 388 Wagon Mound (No.2) [1967] AC 61 Yates v Jones (1990) ATR 81

Moral Autobiography Essay Example

Moral Autobiography Essay Over the years have learned to become more accepting and inclusive of all sexual orientations and overall worldviews. This can be seen particularly in my top points on the hermeneutic circle and how I have used my social location to influence my views on justice and sexuality. The hermeneutic circle is a tool that can be very easily related to the life that have lived so far. This ranges from academic to personal to employment. Having a wide variety of points on the hermeneutic circle is something I see as a vital part of who I am, and ultimately makes up who I am today. The first point on the hermeneutic circle that I believe is apt to my life is the very first one. What is the community of accountability for me in my life? I personally serve many roles to please other people. The first example would be in my service organization. Am the District Secretary, and my job is to assist the District Governor with anything that they might need throughout the year. Rarely complete any task with the thought in mind of how it will affect me personally. On a more educational level, complete all my assignments to please my professors and abide by their rules or guidelines. NT simple write a paper how I choose to; I have to follow the guidelines that were set for the assignment. The next point on the circle would be the second one. What are some of my loyalties stated or implied? This point brings me back to my service organization I am a member of. Whenever people ask me to describe myself, I begin with a member of this organization because I am loyal to them a nd their mission. It is something will always believe in and stand by. Another think I would say, but very different, would be that am Irish American. We will write a custom essay sample on Moral Autobiography specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Moral Autobiography specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Moral Autobiography specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I identify as an Irish American because I am loyal to my family and their roots, but also to the fact that I was born in America and am an American Citizen. What attitude toward social change is being exemplified by my life choices? This is the next point that relates to my life. I believe that social change in America is desirable by the majority of Americans, however it is something we have trouble figuring how to do. Myself believe that we need social change, but also have a strong feeling it will not happen. Many people are stuck on what happened in the past, and need to move on to how to change the true. We can never change the past, and that is where us as Americans are getting stuck. The last point goes hand in hand with my next point pretty well in the context I see it in. What are my thoughts in regards to truth claims? I personally believe that there are never ways to 100% find the truth in situations and that goes back to social change. Any truth can be debated in the eyes of anybody because we are able to have our own opinions on things in todays society. Just because I believe that something is true, doesnt mean another person has to believe in its truth. Everyone is allowed to have their own opinions on things and each person can have their own idea of what is true and what is not. Along with that, all truths are open to examination and interpretations. Just because I believe that something is true doesnt mean I cant change my mind later on. Always allowing for possible revisions and re- imagination. The status of historical claims is something I see as a secondary method or way to explain my position or stance on situations. Ultimately believe that this goes back to the idea of social change and the past stopping us from moving forward. I believe that everything that has happened in the past, both historical and not, has made us the country we are today and we have no need to dwell on that past. When I am making claims always allow room for others to contest or disagree with what I have said, and never take offence if someone does. Being a member of such a service based organization we are always bouncing ideas off each other and giving each other feedback. I will admit that everyone contributes that one idea that changes the entire year and then there is always at least one idea which you regretted saying. Therefore I am always open to comments on my ideas and claims made. In my role as a Transition Leader at Default, I have constantly received feedback from my fellow peers, and value their input and opinions. Receiving feedback from others is a vital part of growing and is something I think everyone should use in their life. Knowledge comes from a multitude of places, and therefore there are many different types of knowledge. The main source of knowledge I use is from experiences. I always remember things that have tried before, ending both good and poorly. This is how I learn what to, or not to do, in the future similar situations. The other source Of knowledge I use is my peers. Learn from my fellow peers almost daily, and it is always so relatable. Having someone else around my age to help guide me through situations really helps during the tough times. All of these points from the hermeneutic circle are all dictated and influenced by my social location. Social location can consist of many different things but the one that define my location the most are my ethnicity, my economic class, and my gender. All three of these social location pieces play a ole of describing who I am as a person. When someone asks me what my ethnicity I am very proud to speak about that. I love being an Irish American, and would love that chance to learn more about my heritage one day. Having this outlook on my ethnicity has enhanced my ethical worldview in the way that I am very open and eager to explore new cultures and ethnicities. Just recently I had the opportunity to be fully immersed in the Arabic culture and the Muslim ethnicity. Allowing myself to open my eyes to new ethical worldviews has been a part of me that I have loved exploring the past few years. There is one thing that hinders this, and that is my economic class. I would consider myself to come from the middle economic class, as in I cant always afford everything my heart wants. I would love to take the time to expand my ethical worldview horizon, but I sadly cant afford to do so. I am never ashamed to say am from a middle class family, but sometimes it hurts your chances to take part in some amazing experiences. Hopefully one day the idea of economic class cannot be a factor when attempting to further your worldview, but as of right now it is hindering my ability. Finally, my gender is one that plays and interesting role in social location. I myself identify as a male and prefer masculine pronouns. However, over the past few weeks I have learned that not everyone is so simple. This is the reason that gender plays such a huge role in my eyes. I have never had any issues with my gender and it never accrued to me that others might while growing up. Gender is something is assigned to us, and is not something that we get to choose, and therefore almost always will have an effect on each persons social location. It doesnt matter what you identify as or what you prefer to be called, your gender will be your gender no matter what. All of these aspects of my social location all come together to help create my overall definition of the word justice. Justice is something that I do not fully believe in, however have defined it in a very clear way in my life. Justice is when the correct punishment or reward is assigned to an action completed by a human, animal, or entity. The problem I have with this is who gets to decide what is right and what is wrong? There has always been some grey rear when it comes to right and wrong because it is not always so clear. Also, in some situations we might say it is right and then someone else might consider it to be wrong. Should one person punish a person while someone else praises another? I do not believe that this will change until we come up with an ultimate way to clearly define something as right or wrong. Overall, everything that has any form of meaning in my life has formed together to make me the human being I am today. Will this be different then every single other human on the planet? Of course it will, but that is also makes us who we are.

Cry Freedom essays

Cry Freedom essays In the movie Cry Freedom Steven Biko is a black human rights leader. He is loved by the black community but hated and feared buy the white South African community. James Wood, the editor of a white newspaper, befriends Biko and agrees to go to a black township with him. Biko, however, is banned from these townships by the government. While in this township a situation arises where an analogy of the governmental and humanistic situations is compared to a table. The conversation begins when Woods says that the government is beginning to give blacks better education. Biko then says, I wont be forced into your society. You can do whatever you want to me, beat me, torture me or kill me but I wont be what you want me to be, I will be who I am(sic). Woods the says, I dont know, something about it still scares me(sic), and Biko replies, Of course it does. Your world, the white world depicts white as pure and the color black as evil(sic). Bikos friend portrays the table analogy. He says that the problem with society is that the you (referring to whites) allow us- referring to blacks to come to your table, sit in your chairs, eat your food, use your silverware, and if we are good enough, you will kindly allow us to stay. But we cant have that, we must wipe the table clean, and make a black table, live in peace as we did before you came. Woods then makes a sarcastic remark enforcing the notion of paternalism, You did have tribal wars then, didnt you?(sic). And Biko intelligently replied, What do you call World War one and two? The black perspective calls for confrontation as mentioned in the movie. At Bikos trial, a lawyer uses one of Bikos speeches where he called for direct confrontation. The lawyer says that Biko was inciting a revolt against the government. Biko then says to the lawyer, Im am here now, con...

The Ethics of Food Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Ethics of Food - Term Paper Example Ethical considerations with respect to the food industry are a maze of complex questions that pin moral responsibility on any number of different sources, whether consumers, producers, the media, the government, or scientists. In the increasingly intricate food production process, there are many steps in the process where things could be positively changed and such positive changes could be introduced by any of these ethical food sources. Ethics is the philosophical study of moral values and rules. Applied to food, this means a study of what values and rules ought to be embraced as the norm for the production and consumption of food through each step of the process. An ethics of food is particularly important because food is essential to human life. For instance, to deny a person food for any prolonged period will inevitably lead to that person’s death. Although the denial of a specific person food for a time is not subject to ethical debate, millions of people each year die o f hunger that could be prevented in theory. Here, we will examine the sources of ethical duty within the food production process, starting with governments and ending with scientists. This analysis depends, in large part, on an overview of theory with a great deal of empirical application and comparison to real life. When dealing with an applied ethical issue such as the ethics of food, it is particularly important to bear in mind that one’s philosophical conclusions have very real and widespread effects on human life. Sources that serve as a general introduction to the ethics of food often take the form of a series of questions, of which there are always more than there are answers. All of these questions have something to do with the distinction between an ethical and an unethical act. For instance, a question might be â€Å"Is buying ‘local’ food always better for the environment?† (Prince, et al., 2007, p. 2). This question implicates food consumers mo st directly, but also food producers. The explicit moral value is the environment; namely, how does one best achieve what is best for the environment, which is taken to be morally superior to an act that degrades the environment. The moral duty implied for consumers in this question revolves around the issue of how one goes about helping the environment, and an answer to this question (if it exists) would make this moral duty more clear. Additionally, the question presumes some role of producers in helping the environment: namely, that by producing and selling foods locally, food producers can help the environment in ways that previous generations of producers have not been able to. Accordingly, every question posed in the ethics of food should be addressed in this manner: first, identifying to what or to whom the question implies we have a moral obligation to, secondly identifying the nature of that moral obligation, and thirdly specifically who bears that moral obligation. An addi tional preliminary comment is that moral obligations about food choices bear weight. The objection that food choice, or the ethics of food, does not really matter will not work. The majority of Americans deal with obesity, which affects the American workforce, healthcare costs, and a degraded environment. Unhealthy food choices lead to decreased brain function, developmental problems in children, and malnutrition from a lack of vital nutrients. Environmentally, poor diets compromise our resources by increasing the need for pesticides and fertilizers that corrupt lakes, streams, and oceans, creates disease in livestock, and releases greenhouse gases that cause irreversible damage in terms of global warming. At current trends, this kind of diet will lead to even more significant social problems in the future (Young & Leehr, 2009). In this sense, one cannot claim that food choices do not matter, or that ethics does not have a role in which direction Americans take. At this point, as Yo ung and Leehr (2009) contend, it does not matter which side of the debate between agri-business

The role of the women in the American family Essay

The role of the women in the American family - Essay Example This is the main argument we would like to present here: that the political pressures brought on by the women's rights movement, from the abolitionists and suffragettes in the 1830s to the feminists of later years, only added noise and color to the equal rights campaign. The movement only served to call attention to the need for such changes. But the impetus for the actual changes sprang from wars, depression and industrialization, economic prosperity, the advances of science and technology, changes in eating habits, the advent of birth control pills, etc. All these factors combined to redefine the role of the modern women. If the women's movement made any influence at all, it was only in quickening the steps in that direction. At the same time, we would like to argue that not all women are eager to be on equal footing with men and to mouth feminist slogans to achieve that cause. They find greater fulfillment in staying at home and taking care of their husbands and children than in competing with men in the workplace. To buttress these arguments, we have lined up an array of sources consisting of academic scholars, social and political scientists, historians, law and military experts, even a cooking guru. At least two of my secondary sources have been published in book form while the rest were academic journals, research or lecture papers. The primary sources come in the form of two novels. I have singled them out as references for this paper because they take up the same argument that I have postulated on the heavier influences exerted by the social environment on the changing roles of women, and on the differences of attitudes of women themselves toward women's issues. The common thread that runs through these reference materials is their acknowledgment that women have indeed come a long way. Gone forever were the days when all that society expected of a woman was for her to sit at home, help her mother around the house and wait for the "right man." I am confident that the primary sources I have chosen will be helpful in making my arguments stick, as I am of my choices of secondary references. 2. Annotation of Secondary Sources: The reading materials picked out as secondary sources for this essay all support my argument that the coming of age of women has been less the result of their militancy than a natural process of adapting to new circumstances and requirements. On the catalytic effects of war, for example, the title "How Wars Changed the Role of Women in the United States" of the piece by Joyce Bryant speaks for itself. The influence of science and technology, on the other hand, may be gleaned from the journal "Technological Modernization and the Role of Women" by professor Reid Derr of East Georgia College. At least three of the references also serve to support my view that the large number of American women who cling to their traditional roles as homemakers does not necessarily mean that there are neighborhoods in the US still adamantly opposed to women's rights. The full list of my secondary s

Jesus Christ-Life and Influence Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Jesus Christ-Life and Influence - Research Paper Example Jesus is unanimously regarded as the one and the only virgin birth that has appeared in the entire history of mankind since the creation of Adam and Eve in the paradise. The Old Testament had already made a prediction about his arrival in the world through the virgin delivery to be made by a pious and chaste noble lady i.e. Holy Virgin Mary (Isaiah, 7:14). Thus, the pious and religious-minded Jews were well aware regarding this exceptional kind of birth in their tribe one day in the wake of the Commandments to be made by the Lord in order to show the pagans, non-believers, and hypocrites the signs of the Omnipotence of the Lord. Since all the tribes having faith in Almighty God were in wait of such a sacred birth, the Magi also travelled wide from the ancient Persia to the city of Nazareth in order to see the blessed child arrived in the world from the high heavens in order to fill the world with the dazzling sacred light of justice, equality, righteousness, and faith. The Gospel of Matthew provides a detailed and comprehensive account of the visit of the three Magi from the distant region of Persia (Matthew, 2:2). Since the Magi had been blessed with the knowledge of astrology, and their association with the Zoroastrians had increased their faith in the Oneness of Almighty God the Creator, the three Magi set out to an exhaustive expedition towards Nazareth in order to see the holy child and present their gifts to the Savior of humanity. Consequently, the child would certainly be unique and extraordinary one, which would spend his entire life in teaching, preaching and helping the people without discrimination, and would embrace death at the prime of his youth just for saving the humanity from becoming a victim of the punishment and agony for committing the original sin. Jesus was born in Bethlehem, and the Magi also met him there (Anderson, 2005: 23-24). However, because of the opposition made by the hypocrites and non-believers, Holy Mary had to proceed to Eg ypt in order to save the sacred child from the hatred of the envious and resentful people of Nazareth. Little is known about the childhood and early youth of the Holy Christ, though the historians and theologians appear to be agreeing with the notion that the signs of the spiritual elevation of this sacred child had started appearing in his personality since the childhood years (Littleton, 1975: 22). Somehow, Jesus returned to his native city along with his sacred mother in his early youth, where he was baptized by Holy John the Baptist (Matthew, 3:13-16), though John is noticed to be declaring Jesus superior to him in all respects. Hence, it becomes evident that his contemporary righteous men of Nazareth had maintained the knowledge of the spiritual and elevated status of Jesus Christ. The Christian faith is attributed to Christ, who preached love and kindness to all mankind.

A Multi User Chat System In Java

A Multi User Chat System In Java The aim of this project is to develop an multi-user chat system to facilitate communicate between users with in the corporate or scientific organization. Chat application is to allow user for private chat, group chat (conference chat), share files while chatting, store and archive communicated messages. Chat application should allow do download desktop based application installed on local system to connect chat server and user should bale to communicate with in the organization in secure manner. InfoTech Consultancy Ltd well knows software product Development Company and it has rich experience on developing many software applications over the year. During the survey a questionnaire was created and sent to some random student for opinion. Most of them were happy with the project which they said would help them maintain their experiment and simulations. What has not been done yet is the Logical, conceptual and physical design. This would be done; this would be done in the next phase when the actual project implementation starts. Prototype of the chat application is included in this report only part of functionality is demonstrated to stake holders. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 4 1.1 Team and Resources 5 2Background 5 3Objectives: 6 4Methodology General Approach 6 5Technical Overview 7 5.1 Java multi-Threading APIs 7 5.2 Java Swings APIs 7 5.3 Java network APIs 7 5.4 Java Cryptography and Security APIs. 7 5.5 Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) 7 6Developing Multi-User Chat Application Using Java 8 7Technology 8 8.Cost Estimates 9 9. Prototype 9 1. Introduction The purpose of this Feasibility Study is to come up with business use case about a chosen project Design and implement a multi-user internet chat system in java whether it is viable to build a multi-user chat application using the latest Java technology and allow user to download and install desktop based chat application and chat secure manner. The project lifecycle of this proposed solution contained in this document includes project aim and Objectives, Designed Gantt chart, Costing, functional requirement and design requirement, Reports, Mile Stone Phases to determine the viability of the Multi-user chat system, Conclusion and Recommendation.. This would be designed and implemented for user community for website who can chat with other users as private chat, public chat, sharing files. The system would be user-friendly, such as simple graphical user interface for chatting, file sharing, archiving messages etc. The Feasibility Study is the culmination of a proposal presented to the stakeholders and the program manager Mr Shan on the 13th May 2010. The information contained in the proposal will serve as a comprehensive guide in the development of this feasibility study and is the primary point of reference throughout this study The progress to Date 28th May 2010 The project began three weeks after the project Title was chosen and Proposal was handed in on the 10th March 2010. It outlined the feasibility study, intended deliverables, hardware and software requirements and reason for chosen the project. Project preparation form was prepared and signed by both parties including project stakeholders. Feasibility study plan was initiated Background reading was started as the Title was new to me and a lot to take on board Started practicing on Java to update myself which would be on going. Have set aside 1 hour everyday to study that. 1.1 Team and Resources The feasibility study would included mainly development and design team Project Architect, ching chu , providing expertise in the design of the new multi-user chat system, using advanced Java. Dr Clarke my Supervisor would support and guide me through the project. Background In web2.0 era communication between registered users are common activity. Users who register for community expect more and more attractive functionality to register with website. In this multi-user application user can chat with other logged-in user privately, publicly (group chat) and can share files and can archive chat messages and retrieve whenever he need to check chat history. There are many well known multi-user chat application are available in the internet. Gtalk (Google), Yahoo messenger (yahoo) and MSN or live (Microsoft) are widely used chat applications. These chat applications are provide users other than chat facility many other attractive options. InfoTech is planned to develop multi-user chat application similar to other well known chat application, only difference in this mult-user chat application is If this deployed on any corporate only within the same corporate employees can chat with other employees. If the application is deployed on any education institute only same education institute professors and students can communicate with other students or professors. One of the major challenges with this multi-user chat system is secure communication between the users. The corporate or scientific organization may have information which need be protected with intruders or hacker. The chat system should implemented such a way that the information need be secured. Objectives: The aim of this project is to develop desktop chat application incorporated with java multi threaded client-server program which would allow users to communicated private and public way and share resources while chatting and archive communicated messages. This report is to use java, swing, multi threading and TCP-IP technology to design and create desktop based multi-user chat application design for chat and communicated over internet. The methodology for this report is to understand how to carry out research into multi-user chat application, resource sharing while communicating through the Internet. Also finding out how users would feel. Interviews and research would be ongoing before starting the actual designing to identify the key elements of the project. Methodology General Approach When messages are communicated over the network there is a possibility that intruder introduce unwanted information with the transferred information. It is important that the data need to be communicated secure encrypted manner. So that other end of the receiving application can decrypt the information and use the information. The volume of the messages and shared files while chatting will dominate problems and limit our ability to extract for results. As massages and these shared files are sometime very critical it need to it send and receive with reliable networking technology and privacy and authorization of user access control etc are very important. Encryption technologies are adopted for communication such that public key infrastructure algorithm to protect the data and chat messages. Communicated data need to be stored in a persistence layer such as relational database can be used to store this critical information for future reference. A java persistence APIs such as JDBC, hibernate or JDO is used for archiving these information in secondary storage and only authorized user can retrieve the archived message. Technical Overview 5.1 Java multi-Threading APIs Concurrency is the ability to run multiple parts of a program or multiple programs in parallel. Concurrency can greatly improve the performance of a application if certain tasks can be executed asynchronously or in parallel. Threads are also called lightweight processes which have their own call stack but an access shared resource. Every thread has its own memory cache and if a thread reads shared data it stores this data in its own stack of memory cache and used in the process of execution. 5.2 Java Swings APIs Swing was developed to provide a more light weight set of graphical user interface components than the earlier Abstract Window Toolkit. Swing build as lightweight component which provides a native look and feel that emulates platform dependent look on particular platforms, and also supports a pluggable look and feel that allows applications to have a look and feel unrelated to the underlying platform. 5.3 Java network APIs One can write java applications that communicate over the network mean you are programming at the application layer. Typically, someone writing programs no need to concern about the TCP and UDP layers. Instead of this you can make use of the classes in the java.net package and these classes provide platform independent network communication. Through the classes in java.net, Java programs can use UDP or TCP to communicate over the network. The classes URL, URLConnection, ServerSocket and Socket all use for TCP to communicate over the network and the classes DatagramPacket, DatagramSocket, and MulticastSocket are for use with UDP. 5.4 Java Cryptography and Security APIs. The Java platform strongly emphasizes programming concept like security, including byte code language security, cryptography, public key infrastructure (PKI), and authentication, secure communication, and access control. The Java Cryptography Architecture is a major piece of the platform and it contains a provider architecture and a set of application programming interface for digital signatures, encryption message digests, certificates and certificate validation, secure key management and generation and secure random number generation, to name a few. These APIs allow developers to easily integrate security into their application code. 5.5 Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) The Java Database Connectivity is the trade name for Java API, which supports Java, programs that access relational database. It also gives programmers uniform Interface for access and manipulate a wide range of relational database. By using JDBC API gives application written in the Java Programming Language allows it to execute SQL statements, retrieve results, present data in user-friendly interface and propagate changes back to the database Developing Multi-User Chat Application Using Java Java is an object oriented programming language expressly designed for use in the enterprise environment of the Internet. Java can be used to create end to end applications that may run on a single computer or be distributed among servers and clients in a network. Any application you develop there should be proper architecture for future enhancement, performance, reliability, availability should be considered. The Chat application is developed using client server architecture with layered approach. Client application is developed using java swing APIs and java network APIs. Server is developed using java multithreaded APIs, java network APIs and encryption APIs. Client connects to the server and server need to send messages to connected other client. The messages need to be encrypted using any of the public key infrastructure algorithms. The communicated messages need to be archived and retrieved using jdbc APIs. Using SQL statements the information is stored or retrieved from the database. Technology Java Swings Java Security APIs Java Encryption APIs Java networking APIs Java database connectivity APIs TCP/IP programming Multithreading HTML/ CSS for website reports Servlet/JSP programming for chat Administration Application. 7.1 REQUIREMENTS 7.1.1 Hardware The minimum hardware requirements are: Laptop/Desktop Keyboard Mouse VDU Router/Modem 7.1.2 SOFTWARE The software requirements are as follows: System Software Windows 2000/Windows XP Database Oracle, SQL, JDK 1.6, Java IDE like eclipse Cost Estimates The overall costs in terms of design/development, software and the new web/database design will be: Overall Costs  £5,600.00 Cost break down Hardware/Software  £1600.00 Labour Cost =  £50ph 10 days @  £1000 Architect and design cost =1,000  £1,000.00 30 days @  £20.00 per hour (5hrs a day for 30 days) 5*20*30= 3,000.00  £3,000.00 Total cost  £5,600.00 9. Prototype 9.1 FEATURES There is some consideration that needs to take into account for chat and archiving purposes Key Feature Description 1 Access control How does the solution limit access to restricted data? 2 Availability Would the solution always available? Can data be access when required or does it have to be requested? 3 Capacity/Scalability Can the solution hold the amount of data planned for without hampering performance/integrity? 4 Cost Is it cost effective, both initial design and ongoing ? 5 Functionality Would the functionality be suitable for connection to whoever may want to use it. For example someone from America considering the time difference. 6 Performance Can the solution carry our multi user chat in real time? Can application be enhanced for user performance? 7 Usability Is it going to be user friendly without spending too much time and money training and getting use to the system. How it going to be use Key Headline Actor Description 1 Private chat user User should able to chat with other connected user 2 Group chat(public chat) user This is kind of conference chat. A group of people can chat together. 3 Share files or resource(while chatting) User User should able to share files, desktop or other media while chatting. 4 Archive messages Retrieve messages user User should able to store the messages for future reference. 5 Manage Chat Server Administrator The administrator check and access the bandwidth of message flows and take the decision of performance bench marking etc. 6 Modification of user privileges Administrator Able to create / delete users modify the privileges for the user. 7 Changes access condition Administrator Administrator should able to give access to shared resources like file sharing , desktop sharing etc. Prototype of chat window Prototype for Admin Screen. Figure 3 Figure 4 Conclusion The most important key here are: it would be simple, focus on ease of use and simple client server application can be deployed on internal to the corporate or research organization. It is cost effective to use MySQL, has many advantages and features that makes it popular and open source thereby makes it as the worlds most used open source relational database application and many science students, Scientist and Engineering Researchers would benefit from it. RECOMMENDATIONS The project should continue based on the lines described in the document which is the supplements the Project plan. The research plan outlined in the document should be worked through as the primary instrument for deliver project results and outcomes. Other things needs to note are: availability of hardware and software Easy to set up the client server chat application and admin web application Internet Minimum Bandwidth 64Mb Admin need be deployed on militarized hosting zone. Table for work breakdown structure Task Name resource Start End Scheduled Outputs Deliverables Depends on steps 1 In-depth preparatory consultations with Supervisor PM 10/3 15/3 5 N/A 2 Initial draft Interim Report on chat system plan PM 18/3 23/3 5 1 3 Develop, submit Proposal PM 25/3 29/3 5 Interim Report 1-3 4 Create and develop outline Final Report based on Interim Report and detailed research plan for in-depth technical and costs stages of work PM 4/4 10/45 1-5 5 Main technical investigations Tools Software and Cost specified PM 11/43 14/45 5 6 Draft Final Report created, agreed, and sent Presentation PM 20/4/5 25/5/5 Draft Final Report 1-8 7 Submit Final Report CDLR 28/3/5 31/3/5 Final Report Final Report 1-10

Essay --

1) Content ïÆ'Ëœ Noor-Arfa website is the website that gives the information about their company business detail. This website provide a full information about the type of batik that they produce, the price, the design that the company have and how the customer need to do to make a deal with them. The information that they give in this website is accurate and up to date information because they want the people that want to buy their product get the right and useful information. The purpose of this website is to give the easier way to the customer to make a purchasing and to make an order. The button of this website is well arrange and organized. The button has their own function and users or customers just need to click the right button to get the information. They have provided the button that tells users about their company background, about their products and how to contact them. 2) Design and aesthetics ïÆ'Ëœ This website only use some combination of colour like red, purple, black, white and grey because almost of their product and picture use this colour only. They don't overdo the colour, as it can distract from the written content. The most easily read combination is white text on a black and purple background. Use fonts that are easy to read and are found on most of today's computer systems. Font size for paragraph text is between 10 and 12 pts. For the graphic, this website only uses some important graphic that related to their business only like the graphic for the product and their services. This is as a simple way to increase visual appeal. High quality product images are especially important for online retailers. They Keep it their website simple and allow for adequate white space. Uncluttered layouts allow viewers to f... ... website, it appears in two languages. Users can choose whether they want to play it in Malay language or English language. It can give advantage to the users that cannot master in English language to get the information in this website when they use the Malay. 12) Contact addresses and user support (Address/phone/email is readily accessible for feedback or questions by the users) ïÆ'Ëœ To ensure the quality of the website is secure, and they fulfil all the users need, the website must give the quick respond to the every single things asked by customers. They must provide the way to the users to contact them or how to make the orders. For the Noor-arfa.com website, for me, this website is slow in give the respond to their users because they not provide the email address and their phone numbers in this website. Moreover, this website is not update from time to time. Essay -- 1) Content ïÆ'Ëœ Noor-Arfa website is the website that gives the information about their company business detail. This website provide a full information about the type of batik that they produce, the price, the design that the company have and how the customer need to do to make a deal with them. The information that they give in this website is accurate and up to date information because they want the people that want to buy their product get the right and useful information. The purpose of this website is to give the easier way to the customer to make a purchasing and to make an order. The button of this website is well arrange and organized. The button has their own function and users or customers just need to click the right button to get the information. They have provided the button that tells users about their company background, about their products and how to contact them. 2) Design and aesthetics ïÆ'Ëœ This website only use some combination of colour like red, purple, black, white and grey because almost of their product and picture use this colour only. They don't overdo the colour, as it can distract from the written content. The most easily read combination is white text on a black and purple background. Use fonts that are easy to read and are found on most of today's computer systems. Font size for paragraph text is between 10 and 12 pts. For the graphic, this website only uses some important graphic that related to their business only like the graphic for the product and their services. This is as a simple way to increase visual appeal. High quality product images are especially important for online retailers. They Keep it their website simple and allow for adequate white space. Uncluttered layouts allow viewers to f... ... website, it appears in two languages. Users can choose whether they want to play it in Malay language or English language. It can give advantage to the users that cannot master in English language to get the information in this website when they use the Malay. 12) Contact addresses and user support (Address/phone/email is readily accessible for feedback or questions by the users) ïÆ'Ëœ To ensure the quality of the website is secure, and they fulfil all the users need, the website must give the quick respond to the every single things asked by customers. They must provide the way to the users to contact them or how to make the orders. For the Noor-arfa.com website, for me, this website is slow in give the respond to their users because they not provide the email address and their phone numbers in this website. Moreover, this website is not update from time to time.

The At-risk Youths in the United States

In the United states of America there are some factors that prone to affecting the youths, and this is because of there state in human development, which is provided by nature.The youths normally engage in varied activities at their youth stage in trying to understand the ideologies behind the various concepts of life in them satisfying their curiosity. Some of this actives are likely either to benefit them or certain to make their lives horrible. At the youth stage, the youths can be perceived to be persons whose rationality have not full developed in them identifying what is good of them because of less live experiences and most serious factor is their inability to resist to the peer influences which might be either positive or   negative.The youths in their adventure to satisfy curiosity they normally find themselves in the traps of teen pregnancies, substance abuse, delinquency and criminal activities. It can happen that it was not their wish to have   found themselves in thi s situation but its due to the anxiety in them in trying to venture and discover the real life which they have been hearing the elderly talking about.The traps in which they find themselves in , which can also be perceived as social evils can be solved if these youths find a good guide on what is expected of them, and more especially to make them occupied in constructive activities which are certain to mould their livelihood at the current state and in the future.Lack of proper guidance and influencing facilities is what sways them into such traps of life given that their rationality have not full developed, thus a need for them to be provided with the necessary information in them making informed choices.This paper is addressing   the four main traps in which the United States of America youth fall into, and they include substance abuse, teen pregnancies, delinquency, and   criminal activities. The paper treats these traps as being caused by certain acquired traits, and where t he traits acquired depends the kind of environment in which the youths resides, the ability of their parents to guide them, the kind of peers they spend time with, access to various social facilities and also at some level economic status of the families where this youths belong.Delinquency is a terminology which is used to explain the behavior of the children and the adolescents that is likely to be judged in the criminal law among the adults. The age for the crime to be grouped under delinquency normally vary from one state to other and   the age limit vary from 14 years to 21 years in some states, although the some states the the age group 16-20 years is considered as adults in some states.The age group of 16-21 is perceives to be the age group which the worst delinquency crimes, where theft is the most committed crime. Rape is common in the late adolescent age. The reasons that lead to the youths   into such crimes can be explained by the varied psychological, social and eco nomic factors. A number of researchers have been carried on about the factor where most of them have associated it to issues like the disorganized family situations and also the economic status of the neighbourhood.(http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Juvenile+Deliquency   )   The crimes associated with delinquency in the United states are common the inner cities. the decision to treat delinquency crimes separately compared to the adult crimes was implemented in 1899, where is advocated for informal procedures and correction other than handling it like a punishment for the crime committed, and mostly involves handling delinquency crimes in juvenile correction institutions in moulding them to change their behavior to make them potential future responsible citizens of the United states. In this juvenile correction institutions there are established rehabilitation programs that both provided vocational training and also psychiatric treatments.Substance abuse is also another trap in which a large number of the youth fall into, where it is estimated that almost 8.6 million youths ages between 12 to 17   abuse substances, which is one third of the United States age group, as per to the date realised by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration in 2007.More than 650,000 youths normally engage in alcohol use, and a number of at least 9 million also engage in delinquent behavior within this age group (http://alcoholism.about.com/od/teens/a/blsam050404.htm ). The data from the Alcohol use and   delinquency Behaviors among the youths shows that there is a very high correlation between the delinquency participation   and also the participation in substance abuse, as the very youths who engage in substance abuse normally find themselves in delinquent activities and most likely because of the drive that they get from the alcohol influence.The substance abuse is a serious problem that has to be addressed as noted by the Substance Abuse   and men tal health administration Administrator, Charles Curie, in him commenting that heavy alcohol use among the youths is not just illegal but also a cause to fighting, stealing, selling drugs and the carrying of the handgun, where in this case heavy alcohol means taking more than five drinks in a single sitting for more than five time in the past thirty days (http://alcoholism.about.com/od/news/a/nasd2005.htm ).The teen pregnancies has also been an issue among the United States youths that draws attention for its address. The has has been a decline in the teenage pregnancies, abortion and also child birth among the youths since 1991, and this is attributed to the reason that youth have been in the recent past frequent users of contraceptives, and also many have opted to abstain from sex during their middle and early adolescence. This change have been experiences across all the races of the United States.The Teenage have been declining across the years in every state including the Distri cts of Colombia and also the Virgin lands. Despite the good news of declining youth teen pregnancies, the United states still remain to lead in the youth pregnancy cases among the industrialised nations, which implies that it has not got into full control of the situation compared to the industrialized nations.The ages of 18 and 19 years are the ones which are prone to teenage pregnancies other than any other age groups in the United states, which accounts for 66 percent   of the United states teen births, where most teenage mothers normally ail from socially and economically disadvantaged family background, thus being caught within the consequences of this traps (http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/teenpregnancy.htm ).Therefore the youth pregnancy is an issue to be addressed within the national scope at it also has adverse effects in making the youths quite irresponsible citizens given that their abilities are never discovered and exploited due to diverted attentions which destruct them from achieving   future set goals, thus an important issue to address.

Free Essays on Advertising And Ethics

â€Å"Social Security† in their advertising to bring in consumers. Often the companies charged for services that were available for free through Social Security. Not only is this kind of advertising unethical, it is now illegal. According to the Department of Advertising at the University of Texas, advertisements whose overall message says that something which is misleading from the actua... Free Essays on Advertising And Ethics Free Essays on Advertising And Ethics Advertising and Ethics The purpose of advertising is to inform people of what is available for purchasing. This seems harmless, but too many advertisers set out to deceive consumers about their products. Unfortunately, they do a very good job with this and successfully deceive many people. Although consumers need to learn how to read advertisements correctly, the advertisers still have an obligation to inform about their products honestly Many advertisements give the impression that their product is better than it really is. People today tend to dismiss this as acceptable within the advertising realm; however, it’s harmful to consumers. This deception causes the consumers to spend money on things they would never purchase if ads hadn’t deceived them. This is unfair to the consumers. These consumers are working hard for money they are spending on things they will probably never use. I feel that it is completely unethical for advertising companies to condone this and simply write it off as â€Å"part of the job†. Some advertisements try to sell products that are obviously not what they claim to be. I’ve seen advertisements for soaps and lotions that burn away fat. Ads like these are amusing and make most of us wonder about the people who would actually fall for them and buy the product. While many ads like the ones just mentioned are easy to see through there are many that are more difficult to see as false. According to the Social Security Administration, recently many people were victimized by advertisers who used the words â€Å"Social Security† in their advertising to bring in consumers. Often the companies charged for services that were available for free through Social Security. Not only is this kind of advertising unethical, it is now illegal. According to the Department of Advertising at the University of Texas, advertisements whose overall message says that something which is misleading from the actua...

Health safety at work Essays

Health safety at work Essays Health safety at work Essay Health safety at work Essay Employers and employees must comply with the duties set out in out which are as follows: Section 2 places a duty on employers for the health, safety and welfare of employees by consulting with read union safety representatives on health and safety matters within workplace. Moreover, employers with more than five employees should prepare written health and safety policy and bring it to the notice of employees. Section 3 requires employers to make sure that non employees who may be affected but work are not exposed to their health and safety. Section 4 requires ensuring that the premises, plant and machinery do not harm the people using It. Section 5 requires the prevention and control of harmful, noxious or offensive emissions into the atmosphere. Section 6 places duties that designers, manufacturers and suppliers are that the articles and substances provided are safe to use. Section 7 requires the employee to take care of him or her and any of other who may be affected by his or her actions. And also require the employees cooperation with their employer in health and safety issues. Section 8 requires employees to not Interfere or misuse anything provided in the Interest of health and safety. This brief sets out to identify health and safety legislation and procedures applied in Food retail industry McDonalds. Background From the article published on leading newspaper on 2nd April 2008, McDonalds at Leister has been fined a total of almost 40000 after a worker was badly injured following a fall. During hearing in the court, the company admitted breaching health and safety regulation. Worker also complained about the failure to correctly complete an accident investigation form, and also there had been failure to complete a falls risk assessment which would have averted the accident. After that accident, McDonalds has a strong health and safety culture and then design of kitchen had en altered and safety upgraded. So It Is very Important that food Retail Industry company McDonalds should take health and Safety of their employers seriously and therefore in safety procedures are been discussed in rest of the briefing paper. One of the major priority of Macdonald is to ensure the safety of employees, customers and visitors. Co-operation on the part of us all is vital to the success of the Health Safety Policy. Every staff have their own responsibilities to ensure that the risk of Injury or Ill health Is enameled. As with all other aspects of business , Macdonald re continually Improving tenet performance Day measuring gallant standards Ana reviewing safety progress on daily basis. Negation of health and safety requirement is considered as the serious breach of discipline. Employee Responsibilities in McDonalds As being the employee of Macdonald, there are various responsibilities one needs to follow to ensure health and safety at workplace. First and foremost to take reasonable care for health and safety of oneself and other persons who may be affected by your acts or omissions at work; In order to fulfill company statutory obligations and comply with company policy, employee needs to cooperate with management teams and other crew member. All the safety rules and procedures must be carefully observed and PEP should be worn all the time when handling any risky objects and any safeguards provided shouldnt be misused or recklessly interfered with anything in interest of health and safety. Managers should have responsibilities for training and supervising the crew members during the shift and have to ensure that staffs are adhering to correct procedures. Witness of Heath and Safety Hazard If any specific health or safety hazard which is not covered in rules book, comes to attention then one should isolate the area or equipment immediately and report to the shift manager. Likewise every restaurant , Macdonald also has a Hazard Reporting Book ,where any seen hazard must be recorded. And Failure to record the hazard in that book provided will be treated extremely seriously and results in disciplinary action. Informed about health and safety issue One of the internal part of all procedures is Health and Safety. Additional specific training is provided to employees as a part of training courses in line with susceptibilities provided. Health and safety manual is provided at each restaurant the gives the details of Additionally specific training in safety matters is included in various training courses in line with your responsibilities. A Health Safety Manual is provided at each restaurant and gives details of the organization and arrangement for implementing and developing health and safety policy,Risk statements for various tasks, equipment and chemicals handling, safety bulletins are provided to highlight safety issues in regular interval. Staff and management held safety circle tenting to review the progress and effectiveness of safety within the restaurant in regular basis. Macdonald always involves the participation of crews and managers in the development and operations of health and safety policy. Opportunities are provided to crews and manager to address any safety measures or any concern at safety circle meetings. Additionally, any specific or general comments on health and safety matters is always welcomed any time by contacting the managers. A Risk Assessment As with any workplace, there is a risk of injury or ill health to yourself and other if not now about hazards. So one has make sure to follow company policies and procedures when handling with hazards. Incase of Accident All injuries must be reported to manager and shift managers must ensure that their first aid qualification is up to date. If any accidents occurs in the shift then it should be recorded on accident book. The checklist inside the accident book also highlights ten legal Dilation to report spectacles types AT Injury to employees, essences Trot work following an injury , or incidents known as Dangerous Occurrences to the Local Authority within strictly defined time period. The shift managers is reprehensible for the communicating the accurate information to Hygiene Safety Department within right period of time for the company to fulfill its statutory duties. Health and Safety Procedure at McDonalds Every staff working in McDonalds must complicity with following heath and safety procedure while working in restaurant: Firstly Uniform must be neat and clean including apron. Hair must be way from face, completely under hat. Hand must be washed using correct methods. Hands must be washed and dried thoroughly whenever contaminated. Hands must be washed every 30 min when working in itched an in every hour when working front counter, drive-thru or dining area. Preventing Slips, Trips and Falls Commonly occurred accident in workplace is slip and fall. The following procedure must be followed to ensure safety for everyone: Floor should be always kept clean by sweeping and mopping the floor with fresh Solidness Floorer Solution. Wet Floor sign must be placed on the area when needed. Mopping should be avoided during busy periods. Any spillages seen should be cleared straight away and wet floor sign should be placed near spillage. Never run. Correct shoes must be worn overtime. Shoes must have good grip, be enclosed,comfortable and clean. Trip hazards must be avoided by not leaving boxes, cables or other obstruction near doorways or where others might trip over. Working at Height Whenever working in height ,either to access items or for cleanliness step ladders must be used all the time. Following procedures must be applied when using step ladders: Ladders steps must be clean and dry. Ensure steps are in good condition and are clean and dry Ladders should be fully open with side bars locked into position. Standing on the top two steps should be avoided. Never lean sideways. Always climb down and the steps should be repositioned. Help should always be asked when needed. Standing or standing on equipment, chairs or stock room shelves should be avoided. Roof access is restricted to Managers and Service Engineers, unless otherwise stated. Preventing Burns There are various equipment in Macdonald which are operated at high temperatures and can cause burn and injuries. Following procedures should be applied to prevent from burn: Upper grill platens must be closed and left standby hen not in use. All equipment must be left to cool down prior to cleaning. Toasters are lowered or locked before moving them. Extra care should be taken when pouring and serving hot drinks to customer. Handling Vats and Hot Oil Vats shouldnt be cleaned or filtered by someone who are not trained to do so. Protective clement must De worn when Telling Ana cleaning vats 011 consultant be discarded unless it has cooled below ICC and have been trained to do so. Vat covers should always be on place when cleaning and pulling vat. While topping up vat,to avoid splashing it should be poured to front edge. If someone is burnt, call the Shift Manager or the designated First Eider. Fire Precautions Fire doors must be closed at all times to prevent fires spreading. Fire exits must be clear at all time to allow evacuation in event of fire. Doors shouldnt be disconnected with door closers or wedges. Every staff working in restaurant should know the fire exits location, alarm call points and assembly points. Smoking is prohibited within all restaurant areas. There is separate smoke area away from the restaurant. Be Alert Be alert for situations that might lead too fire, such as: Gas Doors Damaged plugs, sockets or cord. Extra rubbish from overflowing bin. Managers should be informed immediately in case of any fire safety risks. General Evacuation Procedure In the event of fire the nearest fire alarm is activated. One should only tackle the fire if been trained to do so or else should be reported to shift managers. Restaurant should be left medially with nearest exit available. Even on the case of hearing the alarm,one should leave by nearest exist and proceed to assembly point and report to anger immediately. The important things to remember are DO NOT stop to collect personal belongings,use any lifts and do not return to building until authorized. Use of Fire Extinguisher Extinguishers are made for different types of fire and one should know which one to use and how to use Lifts and Carrying Following are the procedures when lifting and carrying any objects in restaurant. Using chemicals All chemicals and substances used in McDonalds are safe to use when used in correct way. Instructions on the packaging should always be followed and extra care would be taken handling it. Read the label. There are different chemicals for different Job so to ensure proper cleaning right chemicals should be used. In order to minimize the risk of chemical contamination, chemicals shouldnt be transferred from one container to other and should never be mixed. Hand should be washed after handling chemicals. And managers should be informed if any skin irritations arise. Chemicals should be stored away from food and food packaging areas. Working Outside Some of Jobs should involve working outside such as assisting delivery, taking orders room cars in drive thru. In such case high-visibility vest or Jacket should be worn.

International Football Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

International Football Management - Essay Example The recent injury to Robin Van Persie will keep him out for five long months; he picked up this injury playing for his national team Holland. He plays for Arsenal in the Barclays Premier League and his club lost to Chelsea yesterday. He would have made some difference had he been on the field. Arsene Wenger the manager of Arsenal must be feeling hard done by and this situation is very common. Even Wayne Rooney was injured on international duty and missed several games for Manchester United. Christiano Ronaldo is another player who was injured playing for Portugal and as an inevitable result of which missed several games for his present club Real Madrid. The managers of these illustrious clubs unwillingly release players because they know the consequences should their star players get injured. FIFA has firmly instructed all the clubs to release players for International duty; some clubs impede this rule set by FIFA by faking injuries. This prevents the players from playing for their n ation; this also ensures that they play injury free for their clubs. "Mark Viduka and Harry Kewell have failed to report for duty with the Socceroos and Australia coach Frank Farina has expressed his frustration at their unavailability for Wednesday's friendly against Venezuela in Caracas. Liverpool winger Kewell stayed in England on medical advice. 'I've been told by two doctors I wouldn't be advised to go on a plane for that long because it (injured ankle) would swell up. Meanwhile, the Australian Soccer Association (ASA) turned down a written request from relegation-threatened Leeds to keep Viduka and expected him to show up for training." (ESPN) This was the situation in 2004, clubs did whatever they could to ensure that their players stayed fit. This situation has become all the more worse now, players themselves want to play only for their clubs because they get much more money playing for their clubs than for their nation. This money factor is a very big driving force, which de-motivate the players from playing for their country. "Cristiano Ronaldo was due to join Portugal's squad on Tuesday for medical tests ahead of the World Cup playoff despite Real Madrid's insistence that his ankle is still injured. Madrid, which paid a world-record 94 million euros (C$148 million) to Manchester United for the winger in the off-season, had initially balked at allowing Ronaldo to travel as he hasn't played in a month." (Ronaldo) According to the rules set by FIFA a club cannot stop international authorities from conducting fitness tests on a player, fitness tests were conducted on Ronaldo too and it was found that he was seriously injured. Portugal qualified after playing the World Cup play off but this again goes to show the breach of rules set by the governing body of football. "Ronaldo was hurt during Madrid's Champions League match with Marseille on Sept. 30. He then aggravated the injury while playing for Portugal in a World Cup qualifier against Hungary on Oct. 10 and hasn't played since. The Portuguese Football Federation said all other players from Spanish clubs must travel to Portugal on Wednesday, after Tuesday's Copa del Rey matches." (Ronaldo) The African cup of nations is another tournament that brings out this tug of war between clubs and countries. This January the African Cup of Nations

Name etymology theme Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Name etymology theme - Essay Example Neither of these names is rare or unusual for my country, yet there are some interesting points to concentrate upon while researching their etymology. First of all, I would like to mention that my first name, Mai, actually exists in several different cultures and languages. For instance, Mai is as popular Japanese name meaning "brightness" (www.babynames.com). In some languages of the Native Americans, Mai meant "coyote" (www.babynameworld.com). Mai can be regarded as a pet name from Margaret (from Latin "pearl") or Mary (from Hebrew "bitter" or Latin "the star of the ocean"). The name Mai exits in the Swedish and Chinese languages as well. In Vietnam, the names given to the girls normally have literal meanings associated with beauty or art - very often the etymology of the names is connected with the names of flowers, plants or birds. So, my name Mai in Vietnamese means "cherry blossom". (Female Vietnamese names) In Vietnamese, Mai is a very popular name for girls, and as far as my family's history is concerned, the reason why I was given this name was that my Dad obviously wanted me to be very much like my Mum whose middle name is Mai as well, and therefore he insisted that I should be named this way. Thi is, according to the research, the most popular female middle name, and it means "ancestry", "clan".

What a Good Man Is According to Socrates Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

What a Good Man Is According to Socrates - Essay Example Since no one has ever experienced death, even if he was released on the condition that he stops his philosophy, Socrates would not accept such trade. His argument is that he relies on the truth that evil things do not happen to good people whether they are dead or alive and that God is not oblivious to the concerns (pragrata) of such a good person. â€Å"No evil can happen to a good man either living or dead... (p28)†. The fact that Socrates regards himself as a good man during the Apology is a contrast that Socrates poses to himself. In his earlier dialogue, Socrates believes that virtue cannot be claimed without moral knowledge, which he claims not to have. Without an in-depth understanding of claim by Socrates, it is easier to assume that the claims by Socrates would only be valid if he also believes that, to a certain extent, one can be good without necessarily having moral virtue. According to Socrates, and indeed with surety, he views the virtuous as good. However, the virtuous cannot claim goodness if they lack moral wisdom that is needed to have the virtue. Away from trying to pursue the true thing that Socrates has in mind with his claim, it is almost obvious for one to deny the claim of Socrates that he does not possess the virtue which he insists he is still seeking. ...the fact is that neither of us knows anything beautiful and good, but he thinks he does know when he doesnt, and I don't know and don't think I do: so I am wiser than he is by only this trifle, that what I do not know I don't think I do. (p. 26) At this point, Socrates admits that he has some wisdom slightly higher than the rest of his fellow human in Athens, a wisdom which is given by God.  

Case Essay Example for Free

Case Essay Telefonica de Espana. Does your analysis lead to the same conclusions as Telefonicas managers? The textbook explains SWOT as an acronym for â€Å"Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats†. Strengths; Telefonica is a monopoly at this time because it is state owned and this is a major strength for them. The fact that Spain’s culture and language is similar to the market in South America is a major advantage as well. Weaknesses; According to the textbook the prices associated with Telefonica’s service was high. Competitors were looking to exploit this by offering cheaper service with better technology. Companies who could lower their profit margin are a major concern for Telefonica. Opportunities; The deregulation of telecommunications in South America (with the cultural similarities as I mentioned before) seemed to be the perfect opportunity to enter this market and be successful. Threats; Due to the many complaints from their customers Telefonica faces many threats from competitors in this â€Å"new market†. There is a chance that they may not survive in this market if they do not provide better service and technology. 2. How would you characterize the corporate strategy adopted by Telefonica? 3. Minority investors in Telefonicas South American subsidiaries are unhappy with the parent corporation. Suppose you are a senior manager at the parent corporation. How would you handle the problem with the minority investors? What would you recommend to the CEO should be done about the minority investors? 4. The Latin American telecommunications market is growing much faster (12. 6 percent in 2007) than that of Spain or Europe, both of which grew at a 4. 9 percent rate in 2007. Should Telefonica have continued to focus on the Latin American market, rather than acquire O2 and Cseky? What about its purchase of a minority position in China Netcom?

An Ecomomic Forecast :: essays papers

An Ecomomic Forecast Evaluating the bull market today, it is almost impossible to pick up a financial journal without seeing news on the bull market that some consider to be overvalued. Overvalued or fairly valued, only the future will show the truth. Either way, this market is one that has shown greater run ups and returns, than any other market in history. (Reference Appendix #1a) Recently the Dow Jones Industrial Average has reached historical highs and then receded back to previous levels, leaving investors who are used to consistent and record setting gains month after month, baffled. Both the Dow Jones and the S & P 500 indices have seen modest and even flat performances over the past three months. (Reference #1b) A recent article that was published on the front page of the Wall Street Journal emphasized that returns were flat due to the fact that investors were concerned of the possible on set of inflation. If these concerns are warranted and inflation is thus expected, the Bull market may ve ry well be over. This after all makes sense, inflation has slowed and stopped many run-ups in the past, and the onset of inflation now could very well do the same. While the article introduced some possibilities, it said nothing of the likelihood, the causes of, the Fed.'s reactions to, and the probability of expected inflationary increases in the future. This paper is thus dedicated to expanding on these ideas by exploring the rationality of these concerns by examining the circumstances surrounding inflation. It is my speculation that the Bull market may eventually correct itself in the future, but not in the short term due to immediate inflation. That is, that the market was in fact flat due investors concerns, but actual imperative inflation does not look to be expected in the near future. In order to begin to understand the nature of market trends and forces, one must first consider the current state of the U.S. economy relative to its' business cycle. Certain aggregates can be measured that tell us a great deal about this. These aggregates have a strong history of leading, coinciding, or lagging the relative business cycle with a high amount of regular correlation. Appendix 2a contains illustrations, which show graphically the trends of the leading, lagging, and coincident indicators over the past few years. These graphs are composites of each group, and upon examination it is clear that all the indicators are rising.